Lace. Printing

"Try to convince me that it was done by hand" - such an entry left in the book of reviews of one of the museums is very accurate. The enthusiastic visitor was right in his own way: it is really difficult for the uninitiated to believe that the finest web of lace is man-made. However, this is the case. In our country, craftsmen have long made the finest woven patterns from threads, called "Russian lace", and they were made not only in all recognized centers (Vologda, Yelets, Vyatka), where hundreds of craftsmen worked, but also in Siberia. "Frosty patterns" are often written by visitors to exhibitions and museums, looking at their products. It is not easy to weave lace, so the skill was rare and passed from mother to daughter.

Everywhere, peasants made home-made fabrics with printed patterns. To do this, they took the most ordinary canvas, on which they applied a drawing using printed boards of "manners". Natural paints were used and bright flowers or fabulous animals appeared on the canvas.

Printing

One of the oldest types of craft was the manufacture of printed fabrics. At first, peasant women wove canvas. The finished canvas was fully and partially painted as needed. For this purpose, stuffed boards made of cedar planks were used — manners. They put a manner, covered it with a layer of paint, put a canvas on top and filled a drawing.

The mass production of stuffing and the flourishing of crafts engaged in the manufacture of printed fabrics occurred in the XVIII — first half of the XIX century. At first, large complex patterns were common in Russian printing, which required a certain skill to obtain an even pattern. In the 19th century, smaller drawings became common. Small printed boards became an everyday item, they were sold at fairs everywhere. The seals also existed in the 1920s and 1930s. Even printed boards with "fashionable" drawings of steam locomotives and tractors have been preserved. This craft was completely replaced by printing a pattern on fabric on printing machines.